Definition: "The mental discomfort caused by holding incompatible beliefs."

Insights:

1. We eliminate dissonance through rationalisation.

Insights:

1. We notice what fits our self-image, and disregard descriptions that don't fit.

References:

1. Forer demonstrated the Effect in 1948 using a general personality description.

Examples:

1. People with dementia: are they the same person as before the disease? In some ways yes, in some no. It depends.
2. Thomas Hobbes' philosophical example: if all of the rotting parts of a ship are replaced with new pieces, is it still the same ship? If someone took all the old rotting bits and put them back together, does this have a stronger claim to being the original ship?

Insights:

1. Identity can have many different perspectives, and thus answers. It often depends on what matters.

References:

1. Thomas Hobbes, British philosopher