- Definition: (1) Suffering or ill-being (dukkha); (2) "the making of ill-being", its causes; (3) "the cessation of ill-being" (or the birth of well-being); (4) "the path which leads to the cessation of ill-being" (The Noble Eightfold Path).
- Insight: Through understanding the nature of suffering, we have the change to learn understanding and compassion.
- Insight: Ignorance is the root of ill-being.
- Insight: By looking deep into our suffering we can understand its causes, and the sources of nourishment for that suffering.
- Insight: Well-being is as real as ill-being.
- Insight: We do not always identify our well-being because we do not feel the pain of suffering - only through understanding suffering can we realise where there is well-being.
- Insight: When we have wisdom, we have right thinking.
- Insight: The four truths are called noble because they help us to understand suffering and transform it, we are noble because of our way of life.
- Principle: Recognise ill-being, take a deep look into its nature and understand it.
- Principle: Identify and understand the causes of ill-being.